botanyknowledge

Special Correspondent | Environment & Gardening As autumn leaves begin to fall and temperatures gradually dip, gardens across India come alive with the radiant blooms of Chrysanthemum , fondly called “Chrys” or “Mum.” Known for its vibrant colours, diverse forms, and symbolic significance, Chrysanthemum has long been cherished both as an ornamental plant and a subject of horticultural research. A Flower of Botanical Significance Belonging to the Asteraceae family , Chrysanthemum is native to East Asia and northeastern Europe , with China recognized as its center of origin. The genus Chrysanthemum includes over 40 species , ranging from dwarf varieties suitable for pots to tall, robust cultivars ideal for flower beds. Chrysanthemums are predominantly perennial in temperate climates , though they are often grown as annuals in tropical and subtropical regions of India. Their lifecycle is strongly influenced by photoperiod , making th...

Eco-tourism in India is emerging as a powerful movement that blends travel with environmental responsibility, cultural preservation, and community development. As global travelers become more conscious of their ecological footprint, India stands out as one of the most diverse and rewarding eco-tourism destinations in the world. With landscapes ranging from the Himalayas and rainforests to deserts, wetlands, and coastal ecosystems, eco-tourism in India offers meaningful travel experiences while safeguarding fragile environments. As we step into 2026 , sustainable tourism is no longer optional—it is essential. What Is Eco-Tourism and Why It Matters in India Eco-tourism refers to responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment, supports local communities, and promotes education and awareness. In a country like India—home to immense biodiversity and dense populations—eco-tourism plays a vital role in balancing tourism growth with conservation. India hosts n...

Microgreens are young, tender seedlings of vegetables, herbs, and grains harvested at an early stage—usually 7–21 days after germination . They are larger than sprouts but smaller than baby greens and are prized for their intense flavor, vibrant color, and high nutritional value . Many people often ask what is microgreens or what are microgreens , and the simple answer is: they are nutrient-dense greens grown quickly with minimal space, water, and inputs, making them ideal for urban and indoor farming across Europe. Microgreens Benefits: Why Europe Is Embracing Them The microgreens benefits extend beyond nutrition: 4–40 times more nutrients than mature vegetables Rich in vitamins A, C, E, and K High antioxidant content Low environmental footprint Short growth cycle and year-round production Countries like Germany, Denmark, and Finland promote microgreens as part of sustainable urban food systems, while Italy and Serbia integrate them into gourmet cuisine. Types of Microgreens and ...

Graduate Aptitude Test – Biotechnology (GAT-B) is a national-level entrance examination for admission to DBT-supported postgraduate biotechnology and life science programmes in India. The Graduate Aptitude Test – Biotechnology (GAT-B) has emerged as one of India’s most significant national-level entrance examinations for postgraduate biotechnology education. Conducted under the aegis of the Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India , GAT-B acts as a gateway to DBT-supported MSc and integrated research programmes across premier institutions. This research article presents a comprehensive 10-year analytical review (2015–2025) of the GAT-B examination, examining syllabus evolution, question trends, difficulty shifts, subject-wise weightage, and selection dynamics . Furthermore, it proposes a multi-tier preparation strategy , progressing from basic conceptual grounding to advanced, exam-oriented and research-aligned preparation , enabling aspirants to...

IIT JAM Biotechnology Exam: Complete Guide for MSc Biotechnology Aspirants The IIT JAM Biotechnology pathway is one of the most sought-after routes for admission into MSc Biotechnology, MSc–PhD Dual Degree, and Integrated Research programmes at premier institutes like IITs, IISc Bengaluru, IISERs, NITs, and Central Universities . Biotechnology through IIT JAM focuses on molecular biology, genetics, biochemistry, and applied biological sciences. What is IIT JAM Biotechnology? Conducting body: IITs (on rotation) Mode of exam: Computer-Based Test (CBT) Duration: 3 Hours Medium: English Negative marking: Only for MCQs IIT JAM Biotechnology Syllabus (Core Areas) Cell Biology Molecular Biology Genetics & Genomics Biochemistry Microbiology & Immunology Biostatistics & Bioinformatics (Basics) Recombinant DNA Technology IIT JAM Biotechnology Exam Pattern Section Question Type No. ...

The Common University Entrance Test for Postgraduate courses (CUET-PG) has transformed postgraduate admissions in India by creating a single, transparent, and standardized admission process . Conducted by the National Testing Agency (NTA) , CUET-PG is now the primary gateway to MSc, MA, MCom, MFA, and other postgraduate programmes offered by Central, State, Deemed, and participating Private Universities. If you are planning to pursue higher education in science, humanities, commerce, or interdisciplinary fields, understanding CUET-PG exam pattern, eligibility, syllabus, passing marks, and admission process is crucial. This article provides a complete, guide to CUET-PG 2026  for aspirants across India. What is CUET-PG? CUET-PG (Common University Entrance Test – Postgraduate) is a national-level entrance examination introduced to replace multiple individual university entrance tests. Its primary goal is to ensure equal opportunity, merit-based selection, and nationwide standardiza...